Neuro Lab

V.E.P- Visual Evoked Potential

Indications for V.E.P.

• Loss of vision (this can be painful or non-painful)
• Blurred vision
• Flashing lights
• Alterations in colour vision
• Weakness of the eyes, arms or legs

Indications for B.E.R.A

• It is an effective screening tool for evaluating cases of deafness due to retrocochlear pathology i.e. (Acoustic schwannoma). An abnormal BERA is an indication for MRI scan.
• Used in screening newborns for deafness .
• Used for intraoperative monitoring of central and peripheral nervous system .
• Monitoting patents in intensive care units.
• Diagnosing suspected demyelinated disorders.

EEG- Electro Encephalo Graphy

Indications for E.E.G.

• The most common reason an EEG is performed is to diagnose and monitor seizure disorders.
• EEGs can also help to identify causes of other problems such as sleep disorders and changes in behavior.
• EEGs are sometimes used to evaluate brain activity after a severe head injury or before heart or liver transplantation.
• To distinguish epileptic seizures from other types of spells, such as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, syncope (fainting), sub-cortical movement disorders and migraine variants.
• To differentiate "organic" encephalopathy or delirium from primary psychiatric syndromes such as catatonia
• To serve as an adjunct test of brain death.
• To prognosticate, in certain instances, in patients with coma.
• To determine whether to wean anti-epileptic medications.

EMG- Electromyography/ Nov-Nerve Conduction Velocity

Indications for EMG & NCS are

• Facial nerve palsy
• Carpal tunnel syndrome (median nerve entrapment at wrist)
• Cubital tunnel syndrome (ulnar nerve entrapment at elbow)
• Tarsal tunnel syndrome (plantar nerve entrapment at ankle)
• Nerve injuries or lesions
• Peripheral neuropathy such as diabetic neuropathy
• Radiculopathies - cervical, thoracic and lumbar
• Brachial and lumbar plexus injury
• Guillain Barre syndrome
• Congenital and acquired neuropathies
• Myopathies, i.e. muscular dystrophy
• Neuromuscular junction disorders such as myasthenia gravis
• Motor neuron diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

R.N.S- Repetitive Nerve Stimulation

Indications for R.N.S

• RNS recordings are performed in patients with muscular fatigue symptoms such asMyastenia Gravis (MG) or
• Myastenic syndromes (MyS eller Lambert Eaton Myastenic Syndrome = LEMS, cong MG syndromes).

P.F.T- Pulmonary Function Testing

Indications for P.F.T

• Chronic dyspnea
• Asthma
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Restrictive lung disease
• Preoperative testing
• Impairment or disability
• Pediatric neuromuscular disorders